This work showcases the environmental aspects of batteries, focusing on their positive and negative impacts. The various types of batteries along with their merits are introduced. Then, the positive environmental impacts of batteries within the context of greenhouse gas emissions' reduction, through utilizing them in key day-to-day applications, ar. ••The different types of batteries are introduced.••The role of batteries in achieving global decarbonization goals have been presented.••The presence of batteries in marine and aviation industries has been highlighted.••The risks imposed by batteries on human health and the surrounding environment have been discussed.BatteriesEnvironmental ImpactsGreenhouse Gas EmissionsMarine and AviationESSEnergy Storage SystemEVElectric VehiclesGIGastrointestinalGSHPGround Source Heat PumpsH2SO4Sulfuric AcidICEVThe bridging gap between energy supply and demand continues to remain an issue to tackle due to the socio-technical, industrial, and technological developments that contribute to the growing trend in population. The efficacy of the energy sector in many countries has succeeded in closing this gap with an energy mix scenario that has experienced a rapid shift of focus towards renewable sources as the investment cost of these sources decrease (Lin et al., 2022). This shift has managed to remain in line with the present geopolitical decisions in reducing the global emissions from conventional sources while utilizing sources that are abundant in nature and relevant in many applications (Allam et al., 2022). Despite the growth in renewable capacity, the instability of weather intermittency within a renewable system is deemed inevitable (Dam and Sarkodie, 2023). According to research, a renewable based plant without a backup source for storage that exceeds 20% of the electrical generation capacity, allows the production of grid destabilization (Weber et al., 2011; ABC, 2008). As a result, the importance of energy storage systems (ESS) has been mandated by many utilities where energy storage devices and renewable energy portfolios and standards deploy a complementing relationship.Energy storage systems (ESS) include 5 different categories namely mechanical, chemical, electrochemical, electrical, and thermal systems. Mech.
